People today are looking for much more than a pay check Essay Example

People today are looking for much more than a pay check Essay It is essential to remark that employees are not just human beings; they should be treated as assets also, because they are the economic resource that is valuable for the companys development and well-being. Nowadays, at the core of a commitment to an organization is the quality of the relationships that laborer have with their managers. It is the respect, the trust, and consideration toward the individual that motivates them performing exclusively (Nelson, 1997). In reality, the crucial outcome for the manager would be the fact that the workers are sharing the companys interests because they were challenged, inspired and supported. However, it does not mean that the abovementioned management strategy is the only one or the most appropriate one for every company. One size does not fit all. Traditional accounting systems find themselves challenged in deciding whether people could be valued as assets. There is a moral argument involved whether treating people as intangible assets is e quivalent to dehumanization (Mayo, 2000). Treating employees as if they truly were assets maybe would not only impact how they get accounted for by the company, but how, such treatment would positively affect the organizations long-term performance in financial aspect (Lustgarten, 2003). However, the emphasis should be put on the human factor because that is what energizes employees in reality feeling of belongingness. Utilitarian Instrumentalism v Developmental Humanism In 1960 Douglas McGregor developed two sets of theories in human resource management: Theory X and Theory Y. They are based on radically different assumptions (McGregor, 1960). According to Theory X people are lazy by nature, only pursuing their own interests. Workers have no ambitions and they avoid responsibility. No development is needed, enthusiasm exists rarely. Because of indifference, people cannot be trusted. Therefore they need to be strictly controlled. It does not reflect human nature but the organizations nature just like the scientific management itself (Taylor, 1967) where people were regarded as resources just like machinery was also a resource. Industrialization, scientific management and labor resistance set the scene for the emergence of industrial psychology. Treating workers as hands, or as extensions to the machines, was creating problems of control for employers and the new class of managers (Wendy Hollway, 1991: 34). Unfortunately, there is still a lot of Taylorism in us. A contradicting theory was needed. We will write a custom essay sample on People today are looking for much more than a pay check specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on People today are looking for much more than a pay check specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on People today are looking for much more than a pay check specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Theory Y is the opposite approach, called the Harvard model the emphasis is put on feelings, emotions, and motivations. The workplace is the source of self-actualization. Companies pay more attention to the creativity of their employees. It sounds like the perfect approach. Unfortunately, sometimes it does not work. It is not always possible to integrate the individual objectives with those of the corporation. So what is the perfect HR practice? The truth is that neither of them represents reality completely. It is complicated to understand why people behave in very different ways. That is why sometimes managers use the hard approach, sometimes the Harvard model. If we go deep into the theory we may notice that they can actually both exist at the same time and this is what represents reality. What is suitable for one does not mean it would be right for another. According to Torrington (et al 2002: 26) At root it is about whether or not there is an identifiable best way of carrying our HR activities which is universally applicable. It is best understood as debate between two schools of thought, although in practice it is quite possible to take a central position which sees validity in both the basic positions. McGregor (1960) argued that employees would respond reciprocally to how they were managed. Therefore, if workers were treated on Theory X they would react in Theory X manner, and vice versa. Maslows Theory Z and Ouchis Theory Z While Mcgregors XY approach is generally focused on ambitions and management from the supervisors and corporations perspective, Maslows Theory Z allocates more reliance on the behavior and responsibilities of the employees (1954). He developed what is called the hierarchy of needs up that human beings progress. Once people reach a specific level of the hierarchy, they need to fulfill the next one. There are general needs (physiological, safety, love, and esteem) which have to be reached first, and eventually self-actualization. From Maslows theory, modern executives and managers find what really motivates employees. Maslows Theory Z should not be mistaken with the William Ouchis book called Theory Z. Ouchis approach is often mentioned as the Japanese management style. It is a mixture of Theory Y and modern Japanese management which assumes that employees are loyal and share the organizations interests so it places a huge amount of reliability, respect, team-work and support. Treating Employees as Human Beings A fames quote states that communication is the lifeblood of an organization and it truly is; it keeps the members of the company together. Better communication means employees are well-informed and thus, more productive because they feel involved. According to Jan Carloz (Former President and CEO, Scandinavian Airlines System), an individual without information cannot take responsibility; an individual who is given information cannot help but take responsibility (Nelson, 1997:44). For example, VITAL (Virtual Interactive Teaching at Liverpool) is the University of Liverpools online learning environment. It enables quick and easy access to course materials and provides communication tools such as discussion boards, virtual chat and announcements. It is the best source for the students of University of Liverpool because it provides all the information about their lectures, courseworks and task, and they can keep in touch with their module coordinators. VITAL is an investment that is worth the money spent. The collection of employees suggestions is the most appropriate way to involve all the members of the organization in running the business. It is important for them to know that their managers pay attention to workers ideas because these suggestions can make enormous difference (Nelson, 1997: 48). In one year, employees at Hughes Aircraft in Los Angeles generated more than 23, 000 ideas. The companys management demonstrated its respect for its employees by adopting most of them resulting in savings of $477 million (Nelson, 1997 : 49). According to Bob Nelson (1997), empowerment can energize employees and motivate them perform exclusively. To empower workers means to give them the independence and autonomy in making their own decisions when a specific task needs to be done. This strategy would help them feel that they are significant part of the corporation and are trusted. Moreover, employees are able to make better decisions because no one knows better what their job is all about and what it needs to be improved. Generally, people know what they are looking for from empowerment a flexible, fast-moving organization that is responsive to change (Danby, 1992: 1). Nurses at San Diegos Mercy Hospital have been giving the authority to perform patient-related tasks, such as drawing blood and performing EKGs (Electrocardiography), formerly reserved for specialized technicians. This approach has energized the nurses and improved patient care and has allowed management to cut six or seven layers of supervision down to three or four, and collapse thirty-five separate job descriptions down to only four (Nelson, 1997 : 24). The disadvantage of empowerment is that not every single person can be reliable. Not all the employees will behave in the corporations interests. However, the successful manager will always recognize the employees who can be trusted. Workers should not be scared of punishment because of mistakes. Think about an employees particularly tough day maybe he is getting late to work because of annoying traffic jam; probably as soon as he arrives at the workplace, he realizes he forgot to take his laptop with him (and he was supposed to present a new project to his colleagues and managers the same day); a couple of hours later a customer decided to vent his or her anger at the worker. Just when it seemed that all was lost, his boss dropped by to thank him for doing a terrific job on an assignment that he is particularly proud of, and mentioned that his project can be introduced the next day. Suddenly, the employees troubles with the traffic jam, the laptop, and the customer were forgotten replaced with the personal satisfaction of being recognized for a job well done (Bob Nelson, 1997). The good manager realizes that employees are not robots. To err is human, to forgive is divine. An employee in a constant fear of maki ng mistakes will probably suffer from work stress and exhaustion by his job (Brun and Cooper, 2009). Treating Employees as an Economic Resource Some argue about the idea of employees treated as assets. It can be seen demeaning for humans to be listed as an economic resource. However, others think that treating human beings as assets will help bring to the attention of managers the significance of developing this asset (Atril and McLaney, 2011:482). As Torrington put it: Managing resourceful humans requires a constant balancing between meeting the human aspirations of the people and meeting the strategic and financial needs of the business (Torrington et al, 2005: 4) Treating employees as valuable assets should combine two types of fundamentalism: people and shareholder value. Friedman et al. (1999) argued that people are not our greatest assets as Michael Hammer suggested. For Friedman et al., employees become more valuable when we invest in them, and we can evaluate returns on that investment (p3). If you treat people as assets, they will generate wealth. Unfortunately, few organizations have placed the same amount of attention to understanding and tracking the human resources as they do in the tracking of financial and tangible assets. The problem is that the corporation often invests little time in understanding the nature of their intellectual capital. As Gordon Petrash, Director of Intellectual Capital at Dow Chemical, says if it can be visualised it can be measured and if it can be measured it can be managed (Mayo, 2000). By placing human beings in the asset section, managers can measure the profit, which the business generated, even better How human capital contributes to value? Evaluating human capital is not an easy task. The more we see employees as the key driving force of value, the more crucial is to understand the balance of assets they comprise and how these can be grown. People can be stuck doing the same tasks they did yesterday, with the same level of knowledge. They can add value to the business day by day, but it may be the same value. On the other hand, people can experience different learning each day, as they grow, innovate and contribute more, pursuing the self-achievement level of the Maslows hierarchy of needs.(Mayo, 2000) If companies take care of their employees they will respond by taking care of the customers, that means that customers will come back and, therefore organizations will generate profit. The first step toward achieving the strong and productive departmental structure is to build a solid foundation; one that can support the departmental structure, a supervisor wants to create (Grossman, Jack H.; Parkinson, J Robert; 2001: 25). Managers should not overstate the human factor or understate the asset factor because they are interrelated in every single aspect. The key to the successful management is to find the balance between treating workers as human beings AND as economic resources.

Free Essays on Implications Of A Negative Society

Implications Of a Negative Society In today’s society there is a national trend of disorder and delinquency starting to develop in all of the nations’ schools. There are many different issues involving the problems with violence in schools. Emotional and psychological problems, as well as other issues, that society neglects in young students causes a dramatic effect on the outcome of a student’s work in many various ways. The problems can cause them to lash out in violence and or be disruptive in class, which are all part of the problem violence in school. Society created all of the problems that are associated with â€Å"violence in school† and now can’t live with it! Society’s issue with school violence can only be blame on the nation for having students to work and grow up in harsh environments. The media has really turned the violence in our schools into a growing concern for our nations’ parents. Since the 1970’s there has been a growing in crease of violence in school, and now in the 1990’s it! ’s seemed to thrive. In the early 1970’s there was a variety of problems with the inner-city schools and it has seemed to finally spread to the urban and rural areas in the early 1990’s. In â€Å"School Violence† the author, Deborah L. Kopka, writes about how in the 1970’s violence was really not perceived as a problem until the media enhanced the issue with all their glare and spotlight. From the beginning of the 1970’s decade their was an increased number of juvenile arrests for violent crimes. Violent crimes include, such actions as robbery with a deadly weapon, murder, manslaughter, aggravated assault and other indecent acts that intermingled as a part of society. In 1987 to 1992 there was an increase of violent crimes nationally and â€Å"Juveniles were responsible for about one in eight violent crimes in 1992† (Kopka 2). In the 1990’s, school violence seemed to grow under the... Free Essays on Implications Of A Negative Society Free Essays on Implications Of A Negative Society Implications Of a Negative Society In today’s society there is a national trend of disorder and delinquency starting to develop in all of the nations’ schools. There are many different issues involving the problems with violence in schools. Emotional and psychological problems, as well as other issues, that society neglects in young students causes a dramatic effect on the outcome of a student’s work in many various ways. The problems can cause them to lash out in violence and or be disruptive in class, which are all part of the problem violence in school. Society created all of the problems that are associated with â€Å"violence in school† and now can’t live with it! Society’s issue with school violence can only be blame on the nation for having students to work and grow up in harsh environments. The media has really turned the violence in our schools into a growing concern for our nations’ parents. Since the 1970’s there has been a growing in crease of violence in school, and now in the 1990’s it! ’s seemed to thrive. In the early 1970’s there was a variety of problems with the inner-city schools and it has seemed to finally spread to the urban and rural areas in the early 1990’s. In â€Å"School Violence† the author, Deborah L. Kopka, writes about how in the 1970’s violence was really not perceived as a problem until the media enhanced the issue with all their glare and spotlight. From the beginning of the 1970’s decade their was an increased number of juvenile arrests for violent crimes. Violent crimes include, such actions as robbery with a deadly weapon, murder, manslaughter, aggravated assault and other indecent acts that intermingled as a part of society. In 1987 to 1992 there was an increase of violent crimes nationally and â€Å"Juveniles were responsible for about one in eight violent crimes in 1992† (Kopka 2). In the 1990’s, school violence seemed to grow under the...

How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video]

How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video] How to Make an Audiobook Step-by-Step [With Video] Not having an audiobook version of your book might, quite likely, be the death of your success. Which means you must know how to make an audiobook to fix that.We’re in the age of podcasts, radio apps, and audiobooks, and now couldn’t be a better time to convert your eBook into an audiobook. But many writers get scared off by the thought of creating an audiobook.â€Å"Isn’t it expensive?† â€Å"Won’t it take a ton of time?† â€Å"How do I even do it?!?† Thankfully, self-publishing an audiobook now is as easy as self-publishing your book. It has become cost-effective and approachable for self-published authors, and there is a range of options depending on the budget you want to spend on it.Here are the steps for how to make an audiobook:Prep your book for audiobook recordingDecide who will record itHire an audiobook narratorRecord the audiobook yourselfWork with an audiobook producerCreate the audiobook at homeUpload your audiobook to AC XHere are the exact steps you need to follow, and our suggestions for turning your book into the next big audiobook.

Incidence of Income Tax Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Incidence of Income Tax - Term Paper Example Under the progressive income tax policy (a progressive tax takes a larger share of the income of high-income taxpayers than of low-income taxpayers).   The incidence of the tax is shifted more on the high-income group than to the low-income group (Samuelson and Nordhaus 1992). Following are the effects of taxation on income: Under progressive income tax policy, ya family with $50,000 income is taxed more than one with $20,000 of income. Not only does the higher-income family pay a larger income tax, but it in fact pays a higher fraction of its income. Such income tax policies are aimed to minimize the distortions between haves and have-nots. It influences the consumption patterns of higher-income families and affects overall consumption patterns of an economy. On the other hand, progressive income taxation policies are politically controversial issues and are regularly used in electoral campaigns. A larger share of the burden of VAT falls upon the consumers because the producer/manufacturer (VAT registered persons or companies) pass on the financial impact of such a tax on to the consumers. Suppose that a product, say the laptop, has been imposed a VAT. The burden of this tax imposition will not be born by the supplier or manufacturer of the laptops rather it will be passed on to its customers by raising the price of laptops by the percentage of the tax imposed. The ultimate consumer bears the burden of VAT and it’s him whose consumption is being affected through a value-added tax. Advantages: Registration for VAT makes an overall good impression for your company. Since large corporations usually register for VAT, therefore, if a newly established company registers itself for VAT, the customers, and for that matter suppliers, heed it as an established, large company. Registration for VAT also has financial benefits. If a newly-established company registers for VAT then it automatically avoids the penalties for non-registering when it becomes legally mandatory to register for VAT. It is a precautionary step.

Question 2,6,7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Question 2,6,7 - Essay Example Firm diversification is a central issue of importance to managers. The research literature on the subject of diversification affirms that over the past two decades the growth in the globalization of markets and products by firms has been tremendous. Globalization as a concept is used often to imply a condition of increased mutual interdependence among nations. The given condition depends on a number of factors. First, there is decreased governmental policy on trade barriers. Second, free international movement of capital across borders. Third, there is high volume of foreign direct investment. Fourth, there is migration of the workforce across the borders. Finally, there is exchange of services and goods among the nations involved in trade. However, despite the recorded increase in diversification by firms, the definite factors that contribute to diversification remain debatable among firm managers. The drivers of a firm’s diversification decision-making process can be explained with the aid of two theoretical frameworks. Namely, the Resource Based View and the Transaction Cost Theory. The resource-based view theory offers an understanding of the choice of industries into which a firm diversifies. According to the theory, a firm is best viewed as a collection of resources that enable it to compete against other firms. The theory suggests that the potential of a firm to gain and maintain a sustained competitive advantage relies on its defined resources (Wierseme, 2008). Firms that have the ability to develop unique and difficult to imitate resources, are more likely to engage in diversification compared to other firms with no such unique and inimitable resources. The transaction cost theory of strategic management also offers an understanding of firms drivers for diversification. The theory holds that firms diversify when the firms’ activities can be performed cheaply within the company,

Overview Of Musical Intelligence English Language Essay

Overview Of Musical Intelligence English Language Essay The third grade student Johnny who seems to involve skill appreciation and composition of the melodic pattern in his performance clearly displays more characteristics on the musical intelligence than linguistic and interpersonal intelligence. Why musical intelligence Since he also vocalizes a variety of sounds during playtime and he can reproduce birdcalls and songs. He has the capability of recognizing and composing musical rhythms pitches and tones. Johnny also has some characteristics of the linguistic intelligence since he has the sensitivity to rhythms and sounds as well as the various language functions. He also has some aspects of the interpersonal intelligence since he is able to sense the feelings of his classmates and respond empathetically to their emotional state thus being able to relate with them very well. On the other hand, his openness and honesty when he expresses himself is also a characteristic of the interpersonal intelligence and his tolerance of his classmates actions and opinions characterizes him as a person who understands the relations between people. The musical intelligence capabilities displayed by Johnny indicate that he appreciates the various forms of music expressed in different moods pitches and rhythms. Teaching and assessment strategies For Johnny who mainly possesses musical intelligence abilities and skills, several teaching and assessment strategies can be employed during his learning processes. When using the multimodal curricular design model the teacher should put a lot of emphasis on Johnnies musical intelligence and see it like a point of entry into the learning content. On the other hand, the single grade and the multi grade classrooms would be the best instructional strategies to adapt. Secondly, on the developmentally based curricular design model the teachers emphasis should be on using Johnnies musical intelligence ability as a tool of instruction in the direction of development and profound knowledge. The instructional strategies for Johnnie based on this model would be based on his choice as a student such that he makes choices in his learning activity. The second strategy that could be used includes, cooperative learning where he learns together with the other students jointly as they all participate in the learning processes since this would also make it easy for the group processing. Another strategy that could be used in his learning is on the development of his life skills. The teacher could also give Johnny less information and allow him to do more application during his learning process. For example, he should be given various sounds, which he should identify, by the tone and rhythm. In this case, this is done in helping memorize more on a taught concept that is presented on a more musical oriented angle. In the assessments, Johnnies teacher should use the skills checklists, portifolis, the S-U lettering grades, as well as the hyperactive card piles. Similarly the teacher could also use both non-graded and the graded music lessons following up with the checklists and the progress charts which highlight the areas of Johnnies achievement and the areas which he needs improvement. Linguistic intelligence For the seventh grade student ,Susie, the most clearly displayed multiple intelligence is the linguistic intelligence since her most preferred learning hints are language and words. She also possesses some characteristics of bodily kinesthetic intelligence since she often uses her hand gestures to express herself and come up with great routines and through this, she conveys her messages very effectively as the junior varsity cheerleader. Why linguistic intelligence The linguistic intelligence for Susie makes her very sensitive to any written or spoken language, which she uses as a way of remembering information. Teaching and assessment strategies The teacher should consider using support materials while teaching Susie to provide some tangibility of the items related to the content for her to examine because of her linguistic nature. The teacher should also review the use of some examples related to sports such as throwing a ball to Susie so that she can answer a question. On the other hand, the teacher should verbally present her content and loudly as Susie questions and look for her feedback. The teacher could also interview Susie, as she should also allow her to make a presentation of her assignments or group work. Susie could also be allowed to prepare class and group presentations as she reads the content aloud as well as be allowed to debate over certain issues in her learning environment. Susie should create chart and graphs which will help her in explaining her written information. In assessing Susie, the teacher should grade her verbal and presentation skills as well as use the hyperactive card files, which would help Susie remember the memorized content. She would also be taught on how to present her work, which would most likely bend on made up stories that she is told to present to other students. Since she is more on linguistic intelligence, it would be of importance that she learns new words and tested on the latter to improve in her work. This should be of great importance both to her and to the assessor. Role-playing could also be a very effective assessment strategy as this can be done through dancing, acting narrating as well as crafts and athletics and this could be done through charts and graphs. This would enable the teacher to follow up with the checklists and the progress charts, which highlight the areas of Susie achievement and the areas, which she needs improvement. Logical-mathematical intelligence Tommy, who is a particular and diligent student, questions events and situations by looking for hidden rationales or reasons has the characteristics of a logical-mathematical intelligent student. His development of a shorthand system for effective note taking, where he always use a prewriting strategy for his major papers and projects make him have traits of the logical-mathematical intelligence. On the other hand, Tommy has introspective intelligence traits, which are highly reflected in his ability to be very single-minded focusing all of his energy and attention to tasks. His preference to work independently and be self-directed makes him an introspective intelligent student and his ability to see his assignments in terms of his own life experiences as well as paying close attention to the events that have correlative importance to his schoolwork. Teaching and assessment strategies Since Tommy possesses both logical-mathematical intelligence and retrospective intelligence, which involves numbers abstractions logic and reasoning. It is assumed that he is naturally intelligent. The teacher should involve him more in activities that are numerical and that require more reasoning and scientific thinking. He should be involved in exercises that involve number sense and numeration too as the assessor by now knows that he is rich in analytical and statistical problem solving. It should be noted that Tommys abilities to evaluate and utilize spatial and quantitative information in solving problems boost his personal self-confidence even when dealing with other life issues.

Bad Medicine

The continuing rate of unemployment not only continues to cripple the economic standing of the nation but it also poses hard-hitting and greater effects to the people, most especially in their psychological and bodily wellness. This fact is evident on the rate of deaths unemployment has caused to a great number of people over the past years. Most victims of unemployment died due to heart attacks. Unemployment also pushes people to go over the edge and commit crimes, putting people to state prisons.Others lack the psychological capacity to handle the stresses and pains of unemployment leading to insanity and other mental illnesses. The result is the influx of people admitted to mental hospitals and the rising number of mortality caused by suicide. On the economic level, unemployment lowers tax revenue but at the same time heightens the nation’s expenditure due to the need to spend on social welfare programs for unemployed citizens. 2. What are the costs of inflation?The negativ e effects of inflation are less detrimental than the costs of unemployment. This scheme is due to the fact that the effects of inflation can be stabilized through the implementation of fitting policies or programs. Doing so would alleviate the consequences of inflation. To achieve this objective, there is a continuous monitoring for the ratio between the rate of fixed income and the rate of inflation. The government has already implemented a program called the Cost of Living Adjustment (COLA) to realize this end.Moreover, the cost of inflation has moved on to another level where it also takes great effects on housing. Banks do avoid the possible effects of inflation in the future by requiring people in the present to pay for an increased rate in mortgage. This leads to a decline in the number of people who buy lands and houses. Other costs of unemployment have proven to be insignificant and less damaging to the economy and the people. For instance, the shoe leather cost. 3. Who bear s the burden for each of these macroeconomic scourges?In any case, ongoing unemployment or inflation, the people of the nation suffer the most. The citizens, most especially feel and experience the demands of these macroeconomic scourges. For instance, in the relationship of inflation and unemployment, it was stated in the article that a flourishing economy tends to lower the rate of unemployment, as the business sector would look to employ a number of people due to the demands of the growing economy. When this happens, employees would look forward to salary increases and added benefits.If firms and business establishments do so, they would reclaim the finances they lost to the salary increases and added benefits by increasing the prices of commodities and services. In this scenario, it is evident that the people would bear this burden as they are forced to pay for their needs and for services alike on a higher cost and value. If, on the other hand, the economy slows down, there wou ld be a high unemployment rate. The prices of commodities and services would be on the parallel, but as mentioned above, unemployment would lead to higher crime rates, mental illnesses, and deaths.4. Which one do you fear the most? It is evident that both unemployment and inflation pushes down the standing of the people in society. They endure the effects of these macroeconomic circumstances that plague the nation. However, since the facts of the costs of inflation and unemployment are stated above, the one that I fear most is unemployment. Unemployment harms the people as opposed to inflation where it can still be stabilized by the government.